Validated
41
Peptides
Verified, sourced entries
Research Statistics
Tracked
21
On Watchlist
Tracked — insufficient evidence
Verified
93
Verified References
Unique PMIDs / DOIs
Honest
Mostly preclinical/low
Evidence
13 preclinical · 23 low · 3 moderate · 2 high
Cited Connections
Knowledge Graph
A living network of peptide science — peptides, biology, mechanisms, growth factors, and research, connected.
Featured Peptides
High-interest peptide entries
Curated entries with concise scientific definitions.
Copper Tripeptide-1
Copper Tripeptide-1 is a naturally occurring copper peptide complex (GHK-Cu). In laboratory and cell studies, GHK-Cu has been examined for proposed roles in collagen and elastin synthesis, the activity of collagen-degrading enzymes, and antioxidant activity. It is one of the more extensively studied peptides in skin-aging and firmness research.
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Palmitoyl Pentapeptide-4
Palmitoyl pentapeptide-4 (pal-KTTKS, the peptide in the cosmetic ingredient Matrixyl) is a lipidated fragment of type I collagen used in skincare. Published primary evidence is largely in vitro and ex vivo (stability, skin-permeation, and fibroblast studies); independent controlled evidence for appearance benefits is limited.
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GHK (Tripeptide-1)
Tripeptide-1 (GHK; glycyl-L-histidyl-L-lysine) is a naturally occurring tripeptide used in cosmetics. Much of the skin literature concerns its copper complex (copper tripeptide-1 / GHK-Cu, summarized separately); cited evidence for the copper-free tripeptide is largely in vitro and review-level.
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Acetyl Hexapeptide-8
Acetyl hexapeptide-8 (Argireline) is a synthetic peptide used in cosmetics and marketed for the appearance of expression lines. Ex vivo studies indicate limited skin penetration, and the cited human improvement was reported using a microneedle patch combined with other actives rather than topical application alone.
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Matrixyl 3000
Matrixyl 3000 is a cosmetic peptide blend of palmitoyl tripeptide-1 and palmitoyl tetrapeptide-7. A cited 12-week human study of a multi-component formula containing both peptides reported measured skin improvements; because the formula included additional actives, effects cannot be attributed to the peptide blend alone.
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Oligopeptide-1 (EGF)
Oligopeptide-1 is the cosmetic INCI name for human epidermal growth factor (EGF), a signaling protein used in some topical skincare products. Human and review evidence describes effects on skin thickness and appearance, but a systematic review cautions that controlled evidence remains limited.
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Peptide domains
Focused categories with an editorial summary for fast orientation.
Copper Peptides
Regenerative signaling peptides with copper-binding activity.
3 entries
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Signal Peptides
Pathway-oriented peptides for cellular communication and repair.
12 entries
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Neurotransmitter-Inhibiting Peptides
Expression-modulating compounds used in wrinkle-focused protocols.
4 entries
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Antimicrobial Peptides
Peptide candidates associated with barrier defense and microbiome balance.
2 entries
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Growth Factor Mimetic Peptides
Signal pathways intersecting peptide and tissue renewal biology.
1 entry
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Emerging Research
Peptides with preclinical or early-stage evidence, grouped for honest evidence-grading rather than endorsement.
20 entries
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Recently Updated Research
Current publication highlights
Recent study updates in a publication-first format.
Peer Reviewed
The effect of a serum containing acetyl hexapeptide-8, dipeptide diaminobutyroyl benzylamide diacetate and gluconolactone on skin biomarkers, wrinkles and skin texture: Ex vivo and clinical studies.
Verified reference cited in a published-ready ION BLUE entry.
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Peer ReviewedCarnosine supplementation improves cognitive outcomes in younger participants of the NEAT trial.
Verified reference cited in a published-ready ION BLUE entry.
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Peer ReviewedTopically applied GHK as an anti-wrinkle peptide: Advantages, problems and prospective.
Verified reference cited in a published-ready ION BLUE entry.
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Research Philosophy
Evidence over marketing
This encyclopedia prioritizes peer-reviewed evidence, mechanism-level reasoning, and clear distinction between established findings and emerging hypotheses.
Every editorial layer is designed to make references traceable, claims contextualized, and clinical interpretation responsible.
The objective is scientific clarity: structured knowledge that supports researchers, formulators, clinicians, and serious learners.
Newsletter / Updates
Quiet research updates
Occasional publication notes and index updates with no aggressive cadence.